The Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) is as a federal law passed in 1978 in response to the alarmingly high number of Indian children being removed from their homes by both public and private agencies. ICWA sets federal requirements that apply to state child custody proceedings involving an Indian child who is a member of, or eligible for membership in, a federally recognized tribe. Child custody proceedings under ICWA include hearings focused on foster care placement, termination of parental rights, adoption, and placements related to status offenses. (Courtesy of the National Indian Child Welfare Association FAQ Page).
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